4.2 Entmistung und Gülletechnik - Netzwerk Fokus Tierwohl

	Foreword
1	Introduction
2	Farrowing pen
2.1	Farrowing pen – size
2.2	Farrowing pen – layout
2.3	Farrowing pen – floor design
2.3.1	Farrowing pen – Floor design: Lying comfort for the sow
2.3.2	Farrowing pen – Floor design: Slip resistance
2.4	Farrowing pen – Pen structure
2.5	Farrowing pen – Run-out area
3	Pen components
3.1	Pen elements – pen walls
3.2	Bay elements – Storage aids
3.3	Pen elements – troughs/drinking troughs for sows and piglets
3.4	Pen components – Piglet protection cage
3.5	Pen components – Cover for sow resting area
3.6	Pen components – Piglet nest
3.6.1	Pen elements – piglet nest: size and floor design
3.6.2	Pen elements – piglet nest: Position
3.6.3	Pen elements – piglet nest: Covering/walls
3.6.4	Pen elements – Piglet nest: Temperature in piglet nest
3.6.5	Pen elements – piglet nest: Piglet nest temperature control
3.6.6	Pen elements – piglet nest: Heat source
3.6.7	Pen elements – piglet nest: Heating the piglet nest
3.6.8	Pen elements – Piglet nest: Lighting
4.1	Organic material – enrichment material
4.2	Organic material – Manure removal and slurry technology
5.1	Climate – Creation of climate zones
5.2	Climate – Temperature regulation
6	Cleaning and Disinfection
	Bibliography

Organic material

4.2 Manure removal and slurry management

To minimise emissions within and from the barn, manure removal systems that do not result in slurry being stored in the barn should be preferred. Ammonia is produced when faeces come into contact with urine. This is because faeces contain the enzyme urease, which metabolises the urea in urine into ammonia.

In new buildings, underfloor scraper manure removal is always the method of choice if fibrous material is to be used as enrichment material or bedding.³³ For example, an underfloor scraper with faeces-urine separation (channel base with an 8% cross-slope towards a urine channel) and regular manure removal – 3 to 13 times a day depending on the number of animals – effectively reduce the formation of ammonia from urea in the barn and instead transfer it to the storage tank, as the enzyme responsible for this, urease, which is found in faeces, is less reactive.³³

The subsequent storage of farmyard manure must also be adapted to the use of high-fibre material. The key question here is: how much straw can the slurry tolerate?

Solid manure management systems are primarily used in livestock housing and outdoor exercise areas. A concrete exercise area with a thickness of 15 to 20 cm can be accessed by a tractor for mobile manure removal.⁷

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Table of Contents

Organic material

4.2 Manure removal and slurry management