The following points should be noted in management:

• Daily checks are necessary
• Access to pasture must be maintained even in adverse weather conditions (animal monitoring, water and feed supply, bedding)
• Continuous supply of feed and water
• Good body condition (e.g. loin grip, 3–4 times a year, see Figure 11, or daily animal observation to monitor changes in body condition, reducing stress and the risk of accidents; Important: document this information! > also as legal protection)
• Adjustment of feeding where necessary
• Adjusting the calving period to suit the farm’s operational situation
• Handling of animals/human-animal relationship/conditioning through positive experiences (particularly important during animal checks, illness, calving, etc.)
• Capture and restraint facilities, particularly for sick animals; separation facilities
• Farm self-monitoring in accordance with Section 11(8) of the Animal Welfare Act; the information must be documented and evaluated (serves as legal protection)